Assignment # 2

Rida Wasim

Abul Hasan Yamin-ud-Din Khusro (1253-1325) popularily known as Amir Khusro was an Indian musician, scholar and poet. He was a Sufi mystic and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi. He wrote poetry in Persian and Hindavi. He is regarded as the ‘father of qawwali’. He enriched Hindustani classical music by introducing Persian and Arabic elements in it.

Sample Poem:

Bahut Kathin hai dagar panghat ki, 

Kaisay main bhar laaun madhva say matki? 

Paniya bharan ko main jo gayi thi, 

Daud jhapat mori matki patki. 

Moray achay nijam piya jee

Bahut kathin hai dagar panghat ki. 

Analysis:

The above poem has been analysed to see the lexical and grammatical changes which have occured in urdu so far and the results have been compiled below:

Old Urdu   Uncommon today	Changed Form Common today
dagar	rasta	Lexical change
panghat	Pani ka kunwa pani + ghaat	Lexical change
madhva	Kunwaa	Lexical change
matki	matka	Grammatical change
paniya	paani	Grammatical change
bharan	bharnay	Grammatical change
moree	meri	Gramatical change
phatki	toot gayi	Lexical change
moray	meray	Grammatcal change

Conclusion:

Amir Khusro's poetry gives us an example of the way Urdu has evolved through the times. We can see how the form and structure of the words have evolved. The word choices have changed and easy colloquial words have taken their place. Even some grammatical changes are evident as well.